![]() This is 10th of the 12 Principles of Animation. The “moving hold” animates between similar key frames, even characters sitting still can display some sort of movement, such as the torso moving in and out with breathing. Again, exaggerated use of the technique can produce a comical effect, while more realistic animation must time the actions exactly, to produce a convincing result. Body parts with much tissue, such as large stomachs and breasts, or the loose skin on a dog, are more prone to independent movement than bonier body parts. On the human body, the torso is the core, with arms, legs, head and hair appendices that normally follow the torso’s movement. These parts can be inanimate objects like clothing or the antenna on a car, or parts of the body, such as arms or hair. ![]() A third, related technique is “drag”, where a character starts to move and parts of him take a few frames to catch up. “Overlapping action” is the tendency for parts of the body to move at different rates (an arm will move on different timing of the head and so on). “Follow through” means that loosely tied parts of a body should continue moving after the character has stopped and the parts should keep moving beyond the point where the character stopped to be “pulled back” only subsequently towards the center of mass and/or exhibiting various degrees of oscillation damping. Follow through and overlapping action is a general heading for two closely related techniques which help to render movement more realistically, and help to give the impression that characters follow the laws of physics, including the principle of inertia. Students will begin to learn more complex animation techniques. This is 5th of the 12 Principles of Animation. ![]()
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